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The vast majority of books on Buddhism describe the Buddha using the word enlightened, rather than awakened. This bias has resulted in Buddhism becoming generally perceived as the eponymous religion of enlightenment. Beyond Enlightenment is a sophisticated study of some of the underlying assumptions involved in the study of Buddhism (especially, but not exclusively, in the West). It investigates the tendency of most scholars to ground their study of Buddhism in these particular assumptions about the Buddha's enlightenment and a particular understanding of religion, wh

Enlightenment (Buddhism). --- Enlightenment. --- Religious awakening --- Enlightenment (Buddhism) --- Awakening, Religious --- Awakening (Religion) --- Religion --- Aufklärung --- Eighteenth century --- Philosophy, Modern --- Rationalism --- Awakening (Buddhism) --- Bodhi --- Illumination (Buddhism) --- Buddhism --- Nirvana --- Salvation --- Doctrines --- sapere --- aude --- dorje --- shugden --- bodh --- gaya --- world --- heritage --- monument --- convention

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This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. Offering key insights into critical debates on the construction, management and destruction of heritage in Muslim contexts, this volume considers how Islamic heritages are constructed through texts and practices which award heritage value. It examines how the monolithic representation of Islamic heritage (as a singular construct) can be enriched by the true diversity of Islamic heritages and how endangerment and vulnerability in this type of heritage construct can be re-conceptualized. Assessing these questions through an interdisciplinary lens including heritage studies, anthropology, history, conservation, religious studies and archaeology, this pivot covers global and local examples including heritage case studies from Indonesia, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Jordan, and Pakistan. .

Cultural heritage. --- Islam. --- Religion and sociology. --- Ethnology. --- Cultural Heritage. --- Religion and Society. --- Cultural Anthropology. --- Cultural anthropology --- Ethnography --- Races of man --- Social anthropology --- Anthropology --- Human beings --- Religion and society --- Religious sociology --- Society and religion --- Sociology, Religious --- Sociology and religion --- Sociology of religion --- Sociology --- Mohammedanism --- Muhammadanism --- Muslimism --- Mussulmanism --- Religions --- Muslims --- Cultural heritage --- Cultural patrimony --- Cultural resources --- Heritage property --- National heritage --- National patrimony --- National treasure --- Patrimony, Cultural --- Treasure, National --- Property --- World Heritage areas --- diversity --- architecture --- culture --- vulnerability --- conservation --- Islam --- Islamic renewal. --- History. --- Islamic reform --- Islamic revivalism --- Islamic revivalist movement --- Ṣaḥwah (Islam) --- Religious awakening --- Wahhābīyah --- Reform --- Renewal

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In 2017 we celebrate for the 500th time the Reformation of the church. The authors want to ensure that there is also a contribution in Afrikaans in this important year. The central themes of Reformation theology are discussed. Reformation theology did not end with the contributions of Luther and Calvin, and one of the authors therefore, reflects with one of the greatest theologians alive, Jürgen Moltmann, on theology and life. In the recent past, scholars such as Ebeling and Van Selms, made valuable contributions that could be used in present-day discussions on church matters and political challenges. This book is proof that these older contributions are still important for in-depth reflections on complex theological questions. This book is also an exhibition of present-day theological research at the University of Pretoria. A diversity of opinions are tolerated, with the knowledge that there is a common love for our Reformation heritage. The book follows the internationally accepted research methodology in the field of historic theology. The classical texts of the reformers, such as Luther and Calvin, are researched in the original and made accessible to the Afrikaans readership. The book is witness to the fact that we have valuable contributions to Reformation theology coming from the recent past. The contributions are also analysed within their original historic setting and hermeneutically actualised for present-day church matters. This book is an important contribution to the Afrikaans reception of Reformation theology. For the first time, important enunciations of the reformers (especially Luther) are provided in Afrikaans with the original texts in footnotes. For the first time Adrianus Van Selms' catechetical handbook, that was recently discovered in an archive, is brought into the academic discussion. As South Africans, we struggle with issues such as gender, marriage, the political role of the church and interreligious relationships. It is clear, from this research, that the older European debates are helpful in bringing depth to our contextual debates. The target audience of the book is primarily the academic fraternity in historic theology, systematic theology and science of religion. It is, however, also accessible for ministers of religion and the general public, hence almost all the Latin, German and French quotations are translated into Afrikaans. The main aim was to make an Afrikaans contribution to Reformation 500. I declare that no part of any chapter is taken from another published work without the necessary recognition. This is original research and not one of the chapters has been published somewhere else.

Church renewal --- Humanities. --- Religion and beliefs. --- Church renewal. --- South Africa. --- 16de eeu --- Calvin --- Calvyn --- Christendom --- Christene --- Ebeling --- Evangelie --- Heidelberg Catechism --- Heidelbergse Kategismus --- Islam --- Jode --- Jürgen Moltmann --- Martin Luther --- Moltmann --- Reformasie --- Reformation theology --- Tübingen --- Van Selms --- Christianity --- Church --- Reform of the church --- Renewal of the church --- Religious awakening --- Church reform --- Renewal --- Reform --- Afrika Selatan --- Azania --- Derom Afriḳah --- Dorem-Afriḳe --- Iriphabhuliki Yaseningizimu Afrika --- I͡U.A.R. --- I͡UAR --- I͡Uzhno-Afrikanskai͡a Respublika --- I͡Uzhno-Afrikanskiĭ Soi͡uz --- Južnoafrički savez --- Nan Fei --- Nanfei --- Republic of South Africa --- República da Africa do Sul --- Republika Południowej Afryki --- RSA --- Sud Africa --- Sudafrica --- Suid-Afrika --- Unie van Suid-Afrika --- Union of South Africa --- África del Sur --- África do Sul --- Afrique du Sud --- Dél-Afrika --- Dél-Afrikai Köztársaság --- Güney Afrika --- Güney Afrika Cumhuriyeti --- iRiphabhulikhi yeNingizimu Afrika --- iRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika --- iRiphabliki yeSewula Afrika --- iRiphabliki yomZantsi Afrika --- Janūb Ifrīqiy --- Jihoafrická republika --- Juhoafrická republika --- Jumhūrīyat Janūb Ifrīqiy --- Južná Afrika --- Minami Afurika Kyōwakoku --- Nan Fei Gongheguo --- Nanfei Gongheguo --- Repabliki ya Afrika-Borwa --- Rephaboliki ya Aforika Borwa --- Rephaboliki ya Afrika Borwa --- Repubblica del Sud Africa --- República da África do Sul --- República de Sudáfrica --- Republiek van Suid-Afrika --- Republik Südafrika --- Republik Suedafrika --- République Sud Africaine --- Riphabliki ya Afrika Dzonga --- Riphabul̳iki ya Afurika Tshipembe --- Sud África --- Sudáfrica --- Südafrika